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Nikhil Prasad  Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team Nov 23, 2025  1 hour, 24 minutes ago

Rising Mannose Extracellular Vesicles Could Be a Hidden Driver of Long COVID

News Medical News (World) Coronavirus Long COVID
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Rising Mannose Extracellular Vesicles Could Be a Hidden Driver of Long COVID
Nikhil Prasad  Fact checked by:Thailand Medical News Team Nov 23, 2025  1 hour, 24 minutes ago
Medical News: A new study from researchers at Aethlon Medical Inc in San Diego and the University of California San Francisco uncovers a surprising biological clue that may finally explain why so many people continue to suffer symptoms months or even years after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their investigation focuses on tiny particles in the blood called extracellular vesicles or EVs. These microscopic carriers transport molecular messages around the body and may play a major role in ongoing inflammation and tissue disruption seen in Long COVID. According to this Medical News report, the study reveals that these EVs become unusually coated with mannose sugars in Long COVID patients and may respond to a special plant-based resin designed to remove them from circulation.


A new study reveals that mannose coated extracellular vesicles may be a key driver of Long COVID and a promising
target for future treatments.

Higher Levels of EVs Found in Long COVID
The research team analyzed plasma samples from individuals enrolled in the UCSF LIINC cohort and compared three groups recovered individuals Long COVID patients and Long COVID patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms. They found that people with persistent symptoms had noticeably more EVs especially both large vesicles sized 100 to 500 nanometers and small vesicles sized 40 to 200 nanometers. This increase was not random. The study clearly shows a strong positive correlation between levels of large and small EVs in the Long COVID group suggesting the body may be overproducing EVs in response to an underlying disease process.
 
Mannose Coating Makes EVs Easier to Target
A key discovery came from examining how these vesicles are chemically decorated. Researchers found that Long COVID patients had significantly more EVs coated with mannose a type of sugar molecule. The amount of mannose positive EVs in the symptomatic groups was almost double that of recovered individuals. This is important because mannose rich surfaces bind strongly to Galanthus nivalis agglutinin or GNA a lectin derived from snowdrop plants. GNA is the active resin inside a device called the Hemopurifier which is designed to trap harmful particles including viruses and EVs in the bloodstream.
 
Capturing Harmful Vesicles and Their miRNA Cargo
Using the GNA resin the team successfully removed a substantial portion of small EVs from Long COVID plasma. They then studied which microRNAs these captured vesicles carried. Out of 827 human miRNAs screened seven were found to be consistently reduced after treatment including miR 374a 5p miR 640 and miR 301b 3p. These molecules normally influence key immune pathways. The heatmap shows that removing these EV bound miRNAs could rebalance several signaling networks including reducing excess JAK STAT activity which has been connected to persistent immune activation in Long COVID.
 
What These Findings Mean
This study suggests that Long COVID is not just lingering infection or immune overreaction but may also involve abnormal production and glycosylatio n of extracellular vesicles. Elevated mannose coated EVs may carry inflammatory messages that disrupt recovery. The ability of GNA resin to capture these vesicles opens the door to a potential therapeutic strategy using targeted EV removal.
 
While more clinical trials are needed this represents one of the most promising biologically grounded approaches so far. The conclusions indicate that correcting EV driven immune imbalance might relieve long term symptoms for many people and could become an important part of future Long COVID treatment strategies.
 
The study findings were published on a preprint server and are currently being peer reviewed.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.11.21.689519v1
 
For the latest COVID-19 news keep on logging to Thailand Medical News.
 
Read Also:
https://www.thailandmedical.news/articles/long-covid
 

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