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Genomics and Epigenetics

Featuring all the latest about the newest branch of specialty in the Medical World. From Gene Mapping, new understandings of various Cellular Pathways to breakthroughs in Gene Slicing and Recombinant techniques and even new Gene related treatments.
Nikhil Prasad  Jun 03, 2024  4 months ago
Pharmacogenetics: Have you ever wondered why a particular medication works wonders for someone else but not for you? This common conundrum can be unraveled through pharmacogenetics, a burgeoning field that examines how your genes influence your response to drugs. As personalized medicine gains traction, pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing, including convenient at-home DNA tests, promises to tailor drug ...
Source: Medical News - TYK2 Gene Prevents COVID-19 Severity  Nov 04, 2022  2 years ago
Researchers from King’s College London - United Kingdom have discovered that the gene TYK2 that is associate with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections and also prevents COVID-19 severity but increases the risk for autoimmune diseases.   The study team observed a correlation between the genetic associations with severe COVID-19 and those ...
Source: Medical News - SARS-CoV-2 Induced Human Missense Mutations  Jul 25, 2022  2 years ago
Thailand Medical News is once again proposing another new hypothesis, this time that SARS-CoV-2 infections can cause missense mutations in the human DNA and genes and give rise to new medical conditions never seen before.   A missense mutation occurs when there is a mistake in the DNA code and one of the DNA base pairs is changed, for example, A is swapped for C.   This single change m...
Source: Human Genes  Aug 27, 2020  4 years ago
Human Genes: A new international collaborative study shows that human host genes also play a role in the COVID-19 infections, symptoms and also progression of the disease. The study findings were published on a preprint server and have yet to have been peer-reviewed. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.21.20177246v1   COVID-19 causes a broad spectrum of symptoms from none at all...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Feb 01, 2020  5 years ago
Swiss researchers from University Of Geneva (UNIGE) have discovered a new gene that causes blindness and cardiomyopathy. They have also managed to halt the progression of eye disease and treat cardiac disease by administering a food supplement called taurine.   The human genome consists of 20,000 genes, all of which may be capable of triggering disease. It is estimated that there are 7...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Jan 07, 2020  5 years ago
New Study Reveals Most Commercial Labs Conducting Genetic Sequencing Tests Routinely Fail to Analyze Large Segments of DNA, Hence Lacking Accuracy.  A review of clinical tests from three major U.S. laboratories by UT Southwestern Medical Center experts shows whole exome sequencing routinely fails to adequately analyze large segments of DNA, a potentially critical deficiency that can preven...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Dec 19, 2019  5 years ago
Genome and oncology researchers have identified a genetic signature with prognostic value for certain kinds of breast cancer. The discovery also contributes to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathological angiogenesis, the aberrant proliferation of blood vessels that occurs during cancer and other diseases. The new research combined a study of the genes involved in retinop...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Dec 09, 2019  5 years ago
An individual’s risk of developing cancer is affected by genetic variations in regions of DNA that don’t code for proteins, previously dismissed as ‘junk DNA’, according to new research published in the British Journal of Cancer last week. Professor Dr John Quackenbush, from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and lead author of the study told Thailand Me...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 30, 2019  5 years ago
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital have identified a specific gene, the HDAC9 gene in the calcification of the human aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body. Typically, Cardiovascular Arterial wall calcification is the buildup of calcium in the blood vessel walls, which can often be a predictor of serious cardiovascular events like heart attacks and strokes. Scientists have long ...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 28, 2019  5 years ago
Typically, It is the wish of every molecular geneticist: an easy-to-use program that compares data sets from different cellular conditions, identifies enhancer regions and then assigns them to their target genes. A research team led by Martin Vingron at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in Berlin has now developed a program that masters all of this. Dr Martin Vingron, Director and H...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 24, 2019  5 years ago
Researchers from Uppsala University, Sweden in a new study have shown that whole-genome sequencing increases the precision of genetic studies, which in turn can improve our perspectives of how to use biomarkers to discover disease. The results are published in the scientific journal Scientific Reports. Typically, biomarkers, such as specific proteins circulating in our blood stream, are...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 22, 2019  5 years ago
Typically, one of the ways a cancer-causing gene works up enough power to turn a normal cell into a cancer cell is by copying itself over and over, like a Xerox machine. Scientists have long noticed that when cancer-causing genes do that, they also scoop up some extra DNA into their copies. But it has remained unclear whether the additional DNA helps drive cancer or is just along for the ride. ...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 18, 2019  5 years ago
Salk Institute researchers have developed a new gene therapy to help decelerate the aging process. Aging is a leading risk factor for a number of debilitating conditions, including heart disease, cancer and Alzheimer's disease, to name a few. This makes the need for anti-aging therapies all the more urgent.   The research findings, published in the journal Nature Medicine, highligh...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 15, 2019  5 years ago
A new study by the University of Rochester Medical Center New indicates that the benefits of a dietary compound on kidney health may depend on an individual's genetics. The findings may be helpful for tailoring interventions to prevent or treat kidney disease. GSTM1 or Glutathione S-transferase mu-1 is an enzyme that plays a role in ridding the body of toxins and combatting oxidative stress...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Nov 10, 2019  5 years ago
Researchers from Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, DTU Biosustain have developed a new genome editing tool tool called the CRISPR-BEST. Although existing CRISPR technologies allow for better manipulation of genomes with many positive effects on modern drug development and the discovery of new and better antibiotics, significant problems such as genome instability and toxicity o...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Oct 31, 2019  5 years ago
A group of genomic researchers led by Dr Julián Cerón of the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), has taken advantage of the similarity between the amino acids and genes of humans and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and their expertise in CRISPR gene editing to mimic in C. elegans, the SF3B1 mutations found in human tumors. Although the one-millimeter worm t...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Oct 26, 2019  5 years ago
Cas13, a common gene-editing enzyme could be used to disable RNA viruses such as flu, Zika  or Ebola. CRISPR is usually thought of as a laboratory tool to edit DNA in order to fix genetic defects or enhance certain traits but in reality, the mechanism originally evolved in bacteria as a way to fend off viruses called bacteriophages. Researchers have previously adapted the Cas13 enzyme as a...
Source: Thailand Medical News  Oct 22, 2019  5 years ago
A genomic research team from the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard have developed a new revolutionary CRISPR genome-editing approach by combining two of the most important proteins in molecular biology : CRISPR-Cas9 and a reverse transcriptase into a single machine. Credit : Susanna M. Hamilton, Broad Institute Communications   The new platform , called “prime editing,&rdqu...
Source: Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Biology (CCB)  May 29, 2019  5 years ago
Researchers in New York, leveraging on artificial intelligence techniques,  have demonstrated that mutations in so-called 'junk' DNA can cause autism .This study is the first to functionally link such mutations to the neurodevelopmental condition. Led by Olga Troyanskaya , deputy director for genomics at the Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Biology (CCB) in New Yor...
Source: University of Oxford  May 04, 2019  6 years ago
The discovery of a new way to target and treat the leading genetic contributor to Parkinson's may open the way for a potential new clinical treatment. Researchers from Oxford's Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (DPAG) have identified how the dysfunction of a key gene, LRRK2, causes the neurons affected in Parkinson's to lose their ability to effectively clear out cell c...
Source: The Translational Genomics Research Institute  Apr 09, 2019  6 years ago
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a long medical name for the most common form of liver cancer, a malignancy whose incidence has nearly doubled over the past decade, making it the fastest growing type of cancer in the U.S., and the third-leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Researchers at the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), an affiliate of City of Hope, provide the...
Source: Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (INBEB), Brazil  Feb 07, 2019  6 years ago
Scientists explored mRNA and protein public databases to unravel hidden meanings of the genetic code. Using a metric derived from mRNA codon composition, they found out how gene sequence choice can predict different aspects of protein synthesis, such as protein production efficiency. The study could help the development of new biotechnological applications of genes and proteins. Today, thousand...
Source: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute  Jan 22, 2019  6 years ago
In the largest genetic study of osteoarthritis to date, scientists have uncovered 52 new genetic changes linked to the disease, which doubles the number of genetic regions associated with the disabling condition. Scientists at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, GSK and their collaborators analysed the genomes of over 77,000 people with osteoarthritis. Their findings, published  in Nature ...
Source: Ontario Institute for Cancer Research  Jan 15, 2019  6 years ago
Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered mutational signatures of tumor hypoxia (low oxygen) in 19 cancer types. The results could be used to help clinicians identify patients who would benefit from higher treatment doses.   In a landmark pan-cancer study analyzing more than 8,000 tumors across 19 different cancer types, researchers have identified molecular hallmarks of...
Source: University of Michigan  Jan 01, 2019  6 years ago
A change in the genome of Caucasians could explain much-higher rates of the most common type of esophageal cancer in this population, a new study finds. It suggests a possible target for prevention strategies, which preliminary work suggests could involve flavonoids derived from cranberries. "We've known for a long time that esophageal adenocarcinoma primarily affects Caucasians and ver...
Columbia University Irving Medical Center  Dec 27, 2018  6 years ago
A new study has found that genes cause about 1 in 10 cases of chronic kidney disease in adults, and that identifying the responsible genes has a direct impact on treatment for most of these patients.  “Our study shows that genetic testing can be used to personalize the diagnosis and management of kidney disease, and that nephrologists should consider incorporating it into the diagnost...
Source: University Of Manchester  Nov 23, 2018  6 years ago
An international study lead by University of Manchester scientists has discovered the identity of genes that predispose people to chronic kidney disease. The discovery is a major advance in understanding of the significantly under-diagnosed disorder which, if left undetected, can lead to failing kidneys that need dialysis or kidney transplantation.    The discovery of 35 kidney &n...
Source: VIB (The Flanders Institute For Biotechnology)   Nov 19, 2018  6 years ago
Mutations in RAS proteins initiate many of the most aggressive tumors, and the search for pharmacological inhibitors of these proteins has become a priority in the battle against cancer. Michail Steklov, Francesca Baietti, and colleagues from the Anna Sablina lab (VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology) identified LZTR1 as an evolutionarily conserved component of the RAS pathway. Multiple ...
Source: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Nov 06, 2018  6 years ago
Study points to possible way to predict increased inflammation risk   With an estimated 40 million people in the world dealing with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), physicians can have a hard time telling which newly diagnosed patients have a high risk of severe inflammation or what therapies will be most effective. Now researchers report in the journal JCI Insights finding an ep...
Source: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute  Oct 25, 2018  6 years ago
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute have created the first comprehensive summary of all genes known to be involved in human cancer, the Cancer Gene Census. Describing all genes strongly implicated in causing cancer, the Census also describes how they function across all forms of this disease. Reported in Nature Reviews Cancer, the resource catalogues over 700 genes, to help scientist...
Source : University of Washington Health Sciences/UW Medicine  Sep 18, 2018  6 years ago
Jay Shendure and Lea Starita, faculty in the Department of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine, are the senior authors. Shendure directs the Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine in Seattle, which helped support the study. Starita co-directs the Brotman Baty Advanced Technology Lab. Shendure is also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Greg Findla...
Source: University of Copenhagen The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences  Aug 28, 2018  6 years ago
With a new groundbreaking technique, researchers from University of Copenhagen have managed to identify a protein that is responsible for cellular memory being transmitted when cells divide. The finding is crucial for understanding development from one cell to a whole body. The cells in our body divide constantly throughout life. But how do cells remember whether to develop into a skin, liver or ...
Source: Kobe University  Aug 08, 2018  6 years ago
By destroying the regulatory genes of the AIDS virus HIV-1 using the genome editing system CRISPR/Cas9, a Japanese research group has succeeded in blocking the production of HIV-1 by infected cells.   Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is a chronic disease affecting more than 35 million people worldwide. The infection can be controlled by antiretroviral therapy (ART), but the...
Source: Uppsala Universitet  Jul 23, 2018  6 years ago
Epigenetic changes are chemical modifications that turn our genes off or on. In a new study, researchers show that tea consumption in women leads to epigenetic changes in genes that are known to interact with cancer and estrogen metabolism.   Epigenetic changes are chemical modifications that turn our genes off or on. In a new study from Uppsala University, researchers show that tea consum...
Source: Mayo Clinic  Jul 21, 2018  6 years ago